Ncert Exercises & Solutions

Colligative properties are observed when:

(a)	A non-volatile solid is dissolved in a volatile liquid
(b)	A non-volatile liquid is dissolved in another volatile liquid
(c)	A gas is dissolved in a non-volatile liquid
(d)	A volatile liquid is dissolved in another volatile liquid

1. a and b
2. b and c
3. c and d
4. a and d

Hint: Colligative properties depend on the number of solute particles irrespective of their nature.

Colligative properties (relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation in boiling point, depression in freezing point, and osmotic pressure) depend only on the number of solute particles, not on their nature.

These properties are observed only when the solute is non-volatile and the solvent is volatile.

Option (a): Non-volatile solid in volatile liquid → Correct (e.g., glucose in water)
Option (b): Non-volatile liquid in volatile liquid → Correct (e.g., glycerol in water)
Option (c): Gas in non-volatile liquid → Incorrect (solvent is non-volatile)
Option (d): Volatile liquid in volatile liquid → Incorrect (both components are volatile, so vapour pressure is not governed by Raoult’s law in the same way)

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